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The impaired function of the thyroid gland causes thyroid diseases. The under activity of the thyroid gland is referred as hypothyroidism. Similarly, the overactivity of this gland is called as hyperthyroidism. The hypo and hyper function of the thyroid gland is a disease condition. The dysfunction of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, or the hypothalamus leads to imbalance in secretion of thyroid hormones.

Types of the disease

Some types of hypothyroidism include acute thyroiditis, silent thyroiditis, ord’s thyroiditis, iatrogenic and postoperative hypothyroidism, hashimoto’s thyroiditis etc. Some of the types of hyperthyroidism are iatrogenic hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease, plummer’s disease hashitoxicosis, thyroid storm,toxic thyroid nodule etc.

What are the consequences of the disease?

Many anatomical consequences arise due to the disease. Goitre in many forms like multinodular, diffuse and endemic goitre occurs. Thyroid disease also leads to some types of tumors. They are thyroid adenoma, medullary cancer, follicular cancer, anaplastic cancer, and also papillary cancer. Rarely lymphomas also occur due to thyroid disease.